Table 1.

Personnel Costs Because of Reform

Decision Model	Baseline Resident Hours	Cost Per Resident, 2001*	Cost Across Teaching Hospitals, 2001
Attending substitutes	90	$40,606	$669,435,462
	100	$81,213	$1,575,118,377
			Sum=$2,244,553,839
Mid-level substitutes	90	$20,257	$333,950,308
	100	$40,513	$785,753,514
			Sum=$1,119,703,822
Task-tailored substitutes	90	$8,027	$132,336,089
	100	$27,862	$540,381,357
			Sum=$672,717,446
Existing residents	90	$0	$0
	100	$0	$0
			Sum=$0