Table 3.

Perceptions Among Faculty Reporting a Personal Experience of Racial/Ethnic Discrimination by Minority Status

Effect	Underrepresented Minority, % (N = 89)	Nonunderrepresented Minority, % (N = 37)	Majority, % (N = 104)	P Value
Personally encountered inadequate recognition of work*	78	78	63	.05
Personally encountered racial/ethnic remarks*	79	69	70	.29
Racial/ethnic bias has been a major problem for me†‡	32	19	28	.40
Racial/ethnic bias has had a major effect on the following‡§
Professional confidence	17	19	18	.95
Career advancement	32	33	22	.51

^*1 = no, 2 = yes.

^†Five-point Likert scale with 1 = no problem, 5 = major problem.

^‡Major problem or effect defined as a response of 4 or 5 compared to responses of 1 or 2.

^§Five-point Likert scale with 1 = not at all, 5 = greatly.