Table 1.

Sample Characteristics by Migraine Status^*

	Controls (n = 1,178)	Interview- ascertained Migraine Cases (n = 1,265)	Claims-diagnosed Migraine Cases (n = 147)
Sociodemographics
Mean age, y (SD)‡	42.0(10.1)	40.7(9.7)	41.4(10.3)
Gender, %‡
Female	59.3	84.4	83.0
Race, %§
African American/other	32.6	31.9	21.8
White	67.4	68.1	78.2
Education, %‡
High school or less	23.3	23.0	27.9
Some college	33.8	41.9	42.9
Four-year degree	23.3	20.3	18.4
Graduate school	19.6	14.8	10.9
Marital status, %
Married	63.8	64.1	63.3
Not married	36.2	35.9	36.7
Employment status, %‡
Currently working for pay	81.9	76.9	82.3
Sick/disabled	2.4	4.6	1.4
Not currently working for pay	13.0	14.8	11.6
Unemployed	2.7	3.7	4.8
Comorbidities
Charlson Comorbidity Score‡,§ (SD)	0.4 (0.9)	0.5 (1.2)	0.9 (1.4)
Major depressive symptoms, %‡	11.6	28.1	32.7
Major anxiety symptoms, %‡	1.8	7.9	9.5
Health insurance coverage, %
HMO is primary‡	96.8	94.6	94.5
Rx drug coverage	94.9	93.8	91.2
Continuously enrolled†	97.4	95.7	95.2

^*Wilcoxon rank sum tests used for continuous constructs and χ² tests for categorical constructs.

^†P < .05;

^‡P < .01 for overall comparisons between interview-ascertained migraine cases and controls.

^§P < .01 for overall comparisons between claims-diagnosed migraine cases and undiagnosed cases (not shown).

SD, standard deviation.