Table 1.

Adjusted Odds Ratios of the Effect of Violence on Utilization of Medical Services and Access to Care, by Sex-Sexual Orientation Subgroup^*

	Adjusted Odds Ratio (95% CI) of Outcome Among Violence Victims Compared to Non-victims
	Male Gay/Bisexual (N = 1,177†)	Male Heterosexual (N = 406†)	Female Heterosexual (N = 589†)
Utilization of services among victims relative to non-victims
<2 Ambulatory visits in past 6 mo	0.81 (.45 to 1.47)	1.27 (0.57 to 2.82)	1.45 (0.69 to 3.02)
>1 Emergency department visit in past 6 mo	1.74 (1.20 to 2.52)‡	0.60 (0.28 to 1.27)	1.66 (0.96 to 2.86)
>1 Hospitalization in past 6 mo	0.90 (0.52 to 1.56)	2.74 (0.96 to 7.85)	1.06 (0.52 to 2.20)
Any outpatient mental health visit in past 6 mo	1.32 (0.94 to 1.86)	2.23 (1.07 to 4.64)†	2.94 (1.47 to 5.92)§
Access to care among victims relative to non-victims
Reports going without care because of expense	1.83 (1.06 to 3.18)†	0.72 (0.29 to 1.79)	1.43 (0.91 to 2.25)
Reports access to medical specialists is poor	1.96 (1.05 to 3.67)†	0.93 (0.32 to 2.68)	1.03 (0.47 to 2.28)
Reports ability to get medical care when needed is poor	2.81 (0.97 to 8.17)	0.26 (0.04 to 1.84)	0.82 (0.35 to 1.94)

^*Values are adjusted odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) in logistic regression models controlling for age, race/ethnicity, drug dependence or heavy drinker, education, insurance, income, region, urban/rural and lowest CD4 count.

^†P < .05.

^‡P < .005.

^§P < .0001.