N = 538 | Adjusted OR (95% CI) |
---|---|
Gender | |
Male (reference) | 1.00 — |
Female | 0.65 (0.36 to 1.17) |
Age, y | |
18–25 (reference) | 1.00 — |
26–40 | 3.88 (1.79 to 8.42)† |
41–49 | 3.84 (1.73 to 8.54)† |
≥50 | 8.74 (2.54 to 30.14)‡ |
Race | |
White (reference) | 1.00 — |
African American | 1.34 (0.71 to 2.50) |
Latino | 0.83 (0.46 to 1.47) |
Other | 2.02 (0.97 to 4.17) |
Education | |
College or greater (reference) | 1.00 — |
Some college | 1.70 (0.72 to 4.02) |
High school | 2.00 (0.89 to 4.49) |
Less than high school | 2.81 (1.15 to 6.89)§ |
HIV exposure | |
Men – sex with men (reference) | 1.00 — |
Injection drug use | 1.48 (0.96 to 2.30) |
Heterosexual | 1.89 (0.90 to 3.95) |
Transfusion/other | 0.78 (0.29 to 2.13) |
Income, $ | |
>40,000 (reference) | 1.00 — |
10–40,000 | 0.60 (0.30 to 1.22) |
0–10,000 | 0.58 (0.25 to 1.32) |
Health insurance | |
Private/non-HMO (reference) | 1.00 — |
None | 0.47 (0.19 to 1.17) |
Medicare | 0.26 (0.10 to 0.68)† |
Medicaid | 0.62 (0.24 to 1.57) |
Private–HMO | 0.94 (0.28 to 3.16) |
Region in U.S. | |
Northeast (reference) | 1.00 — |
Midwest | 3.50 (1.61 to 7.63)† |
South | 2.02 (1.14 to 3.57)§ |
West | 1.15 (0.56 to 2.34) |
CD4 cell count | |
≥500/mm3 (reference) | 1.00 — |
200–500/mm3 | 1.03 (0.48 to 2.20) |
50–199/mm3 | 1.02 (0.43 to 2.47) |
<50 /mm3 | 0.91 (0.39 to 2.12) |
AIDS diagnoses, n | |
0 (reference) | 1.00 — |
1 | 0.78 (0.43 to 1.42) |
2 | 0.68 (0.32 to 1.43) |
3 | 1.65 (0.70 to 3.89) |
≥4 | 0.99 (0.50 to 1.96) |
HIV patients seen by provider, n | |
≥500 (reference) | 1.00 — |
<100 | 0.47 (0.24 to 0.93)§ |
100–499 | 0.85 (0.51 to 1.42) |
Outpatient visits, n | |
0–2 (reference) | |
3–5 | 0.75 (0.37 to 1.55) |
6–8 | 0.58 (0.32 to 1.05) |
≥9 | 0.39 (0.24 to 0.65)‡ |
Among the 2,267 HCSUS patients completing second follow-up survey, 1,874 (83%) had medical records available. Of the 538 patients reporting depression, 299 (55%) had a depression diagnosis in the medical record.
P < .01.
P < .001.
P < .05.
HCSUS, HIV Cost and Services Utilization Study.