Table 2.

Factors Related to the Influence of American Thoracic Society Guidelines on the Management of Community-acquired Pneumonia

Hospital and Physician Characteristics*	Total N	Not/Slightly Influenced†	Moderately/Very Influenced†	Bivariate P Value	Multiple Stepwise Odds Ratio (95% CI)‡
Hospital characteristics
Hospital size, %				.06	–
Small (<200 beds)	11	73	27
Medium (200−500 beds)	181	36	64
Large (>500 beds)	70	40	60
Teaching status, %				.53
Teaching	178	42	58
Nonteaching	84	38	62
Physician characteristics
Specialty, %				.10	–
Generalist	208	42	58
Pulmonary or ID specialist	28	21	79
Other specialist, %	26	35	65
Direct inpatient care, h/wk ± SD	257	13.4 ± 13.0	16.6 ± 15.2	.09	–
Direct outpatient care, h/wk ± SD	258	30.8 ± 15.4	27.0 ± 14.8	.02	0.98** (0.96 to 1.00)
Total nonpatient activities, h/wk ± SD	233	11.2 ± 13.2	13.6 ± 13.6	.06	–
Percent of total time on inpatient care	246	23.2 ± 19.3	28.3 ± 23.3	.10	–
Total work, h/wk ± SD	248	56.4 ± 12.5	56.9 ± 12.9	.75
Number of CAP inpatients per year ± SD	257	21.6 ± 30.8	25.1 ± 30.9	.20
Journal reading				.22
Do not read or skim articles	124	43	57
Read ≥1 article in most issues	136	35	65
Quality assurance hours, %				.10	–
<1 h per month	153	43	57
≥1 h per month	109	33	67
Intellect personality score (0–4 = high) ± SD	230	2.79 ± 0.52	2.91 ± 0.51	.19
Attitudes about guidelines (0–40 = pos) ± SD	256	16.5 ± 5.1	17.8 ± 4.5	.08	1.05* (0.99 to 1.11)
Risk avoidance (0–4 = high) ± SD	255	3.66 ± 0.79	3.72 ± 0.88	.46

^*Gender, age, years since graduation from medical school, university hospital affiliation, percent of income from salary, total patient care h/wk, continuing medical education hours per month, and personality trait “agreeable” were not significantly related to awareness and use of guidelines or any of the other guideline outcomes presented in Tables 1–4.

^†Percentages are calculated within each row.

^‡*P value < .10 but ≥ .05,

^**P value < .05 but ≥ .01,

^***P value < .01.

CAP, community-acquired pneumonia.