Table 2.

Summary Descriptions of Principal Independent and Dependent Variables

Variable	Item(s)	Range	Meaning of High Score	Mean (SD) (95% CI)	Cron-bach's α
A. Predictor Variables
Patient belief in treatment efficacy	“Following my prescribed diabetes treatment plan will make a big difference in preventing long-term complications.”	1 to 5	More strongly agree with the statement	3.8 (3.6 to 3.9)	N/A
Health Care Climate Scale*	16 items including whether physician provides patient with choices, encourages questions, answers questions fully, provides patient with “all the support” that he/she needs, etc.	0 to 100	Higher assessment of how collaborative provider is	73.5 (70.4 to 76.6)	0.96
Shared treatment decision making	1) Leave decisions about treatment to my doctor (coded 1)	1 to 3	More equally shared decision making	1.08 (0.94 to 1.2)	N/A
	2) Doctor makes final decision, but considers opinion (coded 2)
	3) Doctor and patient share responsibility for deciding treatment (coded 3)
	4) Patient makes final decision after considering doctor's opinion (coded 2)
	5) Patient makes final selection with little input from doctor (coded 1)
Number of diabetes self-care areas discussed	1) How and when to take meds	0 to 8	More areas of diabetes self-care discussed in office visits in past 6 months	Patients: 2.9 (2.5 to 3.4) Providers: 5.3 (5.1 to 5.6)	N/A
	2) How and when to check blood glucose
	3) How to time meals
	4) What to eat
	5) How to increase physical activity
	6) How to change meds
	7) How to deal with emotional demands of diabetes
	8) Where to find community resources for diabetes
B. Outcome Variables
Self-efficacy scale	1) I feel confident in my ability to manage my diabetes	0 to 100	Higher self-efficacy in managing diabetes	70.2 (67.0 to 73.4)	0.88
	2) I feel capable of handling my diabetes now
	3) I am able to do my own routine diabetes care now
	4) I am able to meet the challenge of controlling my diabetes
Self-management activities in past 7 days*	1) Taking medications	Each domain scaled from 0 to 7	Completed greater number of activities in past 7 days	1) 6.5 (6.3 to 6.8)	0.96 0.76 0.76 N/A 0.64
	2) Exercising regularly			2) 2.6 (2.2 to 3.1)
	3) Following eating plan			3) 4.4 (4.0 to 4.8)>
	4) Checking blood sugar			4) 4.9 (4.4 to 5.4)>
	5) Checking feet for wounds or sores			5) 4.4 (3.9 to 4.9)
Patient overall assessment of their diabetes self-care in past 6 months	“What grade would you give yourself on your diabetes self-care in the past six months?”	A – F (1–5)	Higher patient assessment of their diabetes self-management	3.4 (3.2 to 3.6)	N/A

^*The entire scale considered missing if half or more of its components were missing; CI, confidence interval.