Table 2.

Multivariate Analysis

Variables	All Patients* StandardizedDifference (95%Confidence Interval)
Mean wait times, seconds
Total patient time in clinic	1.6 (−10.1, 13.4)
Wait for first nurse contact	−1.8 (−6.8, 3.1)
Wait for first physician contact	−1.3 (−11.0, 8.5)
Time in contact with nurse	−2.3 (−4.9, 0.4)
Time in contact with physican	0.5 (−4.8, 5.7)
Physician time spent on visit	−2.3 (−8.9, 4.4)
Mean clinic staff contacts, n
Nurse contacts	−0.1 (−0.6, 0.5)
Physician contacts	−0.2 (−0.7, 0.3)

^*Standardized differences and 95% confidence intervals were calculated from multiple linear regression. Regression models control for age group, gender, insurance status, natural log of clinic visits, physican, and Charlson Comorbidity Index, with English-speaking patients as the reference group. The standardized differences represent the additional time in seconds or number of contacts attributed to non-English-speaking status in the regression model (e.g., non-English-speaking status accounted for 0.5 additional seconds of time in contact with the physician).