Figure 1.

Relationships of abundance (N), biomass abundance (B), and rate of energy use (E) as functions of body mass (M) predicted by metabolic scaling theory for multiple species within a trophic level (either phytoplankton, zooplankton, or fish) (A) and across three trophic levels [phytoplankton (P), zooplankton (Z), and planktivorous fish (F)] (B). Predicted scalings across trophic levels assume that, between each trophic level, the efficiency of energy transfer is 10% and the difference in average body size increases by four orders of magnitude.