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. 2006 Jun 16;7(7):704–709. doi: 10.1038/sj.embor.7400737

Figure 4.

Figure 4

Inhibition of R-Ras-mediated PI(3)K activation or constitutive activation of GSK-3β is sufficient to induce growth cone collapse. Neurons were transfected with the indicated plasmids at 2 days in vitro (d.i.v.) and neurons at 3 days in vitro (d.i.v.) were fixed. Alternatively, cells were treated with LY294002 for 1.5 h before fixation. F-actin was stained with rhodamine-conjugated phalloidin to visualize the lamellipodia and filopodia. The results are the means±s.e.m. of three independent experiments in which at least 20 cells were counted. Scale bar, 10 μm. GAP, GTPase-activating protein; GFP, green fluorescent protein; GSK-3β, glycogen synthase kinase-3β; KD, kinase dead.