Spontaneous synaptic responses (‘minis') and hypertonic sucrose-evoked synaptic responses in cultured hippocampal neurons. (A) Representative traces of spontaneous synaptic events monitored in 1 μM tetrodotoxin in neurons from wild type (WT), synaptobrevin KO (Syb2 KO), rabphilin KO (Rph KO), and synaptobrevin/rabphilin double KO mice (SR DKO). (B) Frequency of spontaneous synaptic events. Only the statistically significant difference between synaptobrevin-deficient and synaptobrevin/rabphilin-double deficient synapses is marked. (C) Amplitudes of spontaneous synaptic events. Synaptobrevin-deficient neurons exhibit larger amplitudes than synaptobrevin-containing neurons, but this difference is statistically significant only for the indicated comparison. (D) Rise times (measured as time required for reaching the half-maximum) of spontaneous synaptic events. Double KO neurons (SR DKO) exhibit significantly slower rise times than rabphilin single KO neurons. In (B–D), all data shown are means±s.e.m. (n=19 SR DKO; 10 Syb2 KO; 8 WT; 8 Rph KO). (E) Representative traces of synaptic responses evoked with hypertonic sucrose (0.5 Osm). (F) Summary graph of synaptic responses to sucrose monitored in WT and various single- and double-KO neurons. Responses are calculated as the cumulative charge transfer integrated over a 2 s interval at the peak of the response (means±s.e.m.; n=16 for SR DKO, n=12 for rph KO, n=6 for syb2 KO and n=4 for WT).