. 2006 Jun 9;3:8. doi: 10.1186/1743-8454-3-8

Table 1.

Comparison of demographic and cerebrospinal fluid parameters between patients with cerebral malaria, presumed viral encephalitis and controls.

	Cerebral malaria n = 12	Presumed viral encephalitis n = 14	Controls n = 20	p-value for multiple comparisons
Age (years)	7.0 (2.7)	7.0 (3.5)	1.7 (1.2)	<0.01^a
Gender (male)	7	6	9	ns^b
CSF-parameters:
White cells (cells/μl)^c	0 (0–3)	4 (0–9)	0 (0–4)	<0.01^d
Glucose (mmol/l)	2.7 (0.3)	4.2 (0.4)	3.3 (0.6)	<0.01^a

Protein (g/l)	0.4 (0.04)	0.5 (0.06)	0.3 (0.10)	<0.01^a
CSF-ADA (IU/l)	4.6 (0.9)	3.8 (1.0)	3.3 (0.8)	<0.01^a

Serum ADA (IU/l)^c	14.4 (11.6–17.5)	6.5 (4.8–10.1)	6.1 (4.4–8.9)	<0.01^d
Ratio CSF/serum ADA	0.31 (0.05)	0.54 (0.11)	0.53 (0.13)	<0.01^a
CSF-LDH (IU/ml)	20.7 (2.8)	26.5 (5.8)	15.9 (3.8)	<0.01^a

Serum LDH (IU/ml)	214.1 (25.7)	247.5 (46.8)	244.0 (57.7)	ns ^a
Ratio CSF/serum LDH	0.09 (0.02)	0.11 (0.02)	0.07 (0.01)	<0.01^a

LDH = Lactic dehydrogenase, ADA = Adenosine deaminase. Results where applicable are given as mean (SD). ^aAnalysis of variance: Post hoc analysis results with p < 0.05 (Tukey HSD test): Age: Cerebral malaria and presumed viral encephalitis versus controls. CSF white cell count: Cerebral malaria versus presumed viral encephalitis and presumed viral encephalitis versus controls. Glucose and protein: Each group versus the 2 other groups. CSF-ADA: Cerebral malaria versus controls. Serum ADA: Cerebral malaria versus the 2 other groups. Ratio CSF/serum ADA: Cerebral malaria versus the two 2 groups. CSF-LDH: Each group versus the other 2 groups. Ratio CSF/serum LDH: Cerebral malaria and presumed viral encephalitis versus controls. ^bns = not significant by chi-square test. ^cMedian and range. ^dKruskal-Wallis test.