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Mechanism of cystine-mediated H2O2 sensitivity. The CysB protein, which is activated during growth on relatively poor sulfur sources, stimulates the concerted import and reduction of cystine. Reduced GSH is necessary for this process. When saturating cystine is provided to erstwhile sulfur-poor cells, intracellular cysteine pools transiently rise to supranormal levels. Free iron catalyzes electron transfer from excess cysteine to H2O2, generating hydroxyl radicals.
