Table 4.
Incidence of cardiovascular disease, cancer, and other health events 1996-2002 and age adjusted relative risks, according to treatment allocation at randomisation (intention to treat) in 2686 men and women aged 65-85 years. Values are numbers (percentages) unless stated otherwise
| Health event
|
Vitamin D
|
Placebo
|
Age adjusted relative risk (95% CI)
|
P value*
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
| All | (n=1345) | (n=1341) | ||
| Cardiovascular disease† | 477 (35.5) | 503 (37.5) | 0.90 (0.77 to 1.06) | 0.22 |
| Ischaemic heart disease | 224 (16.7) | 233 (17.4) | 0.94 (0.77 to 1.15) | 0.57 |
| Cerebrovascular disease | 105 (7.8) | 101 (7.5) | 1.02 (0.77 to 1.36) | 0.87 |
| Cancer† (any) | 188 (14.0) | 173 (12.9) | 1.09 (0.86 to 1.36) | 0.47 |
| Cancer† (excluding skin) | 144 (10.8) | 130 (9.6) | 1.11 (0.86 to 1.42) | 0.43 |
| Colon cancer | 28 (2.1) | 27 (2.0) | 1.02 (0.60 to 1.74) | 0.94 |
| Respiratory cancer | 17 (1.3) | 15 (1.1) | 1.12 (0.56 to 2.25) | 0.75 |
| Self reported falls‡ | (n=1027) | (n=1011) | ||
| 254 (24.7) | 261 (25.8) | 0.93 (0.76 to 1.14) | 0.50 | |
| Self reported health‡: | (n=1017) | (n=1002) | ||
| Excellent or good | 788 (77.5) | 760 (75.8) | 1.13 (0.91 to 1.39) | 0.27 |
| Men | (n=1019) | (n=1018) | ||
| Cardiovascular disease† | 392 (38.5) | 412 (40.5) | 0.91 (0.76 to 1.09) | 0.30 |
| Ischaemic heart disease | 191 (18.7) | 193 (19.0) | 0.98 (0.78 to 1.22) | 0.86 |
| Cerebrovascular disease | 86 (8.4) | 85 (8.3) | 0.99 (0.72 to 1.36) | 0.96 |
| Cancer† (any) | 163 (16.0) | 147 (14.4) | 1.11 (0.87 to 1.42) | 0.39 |
| Cancer† (excluding skin) | 129 (12.7) | 111 (10.9) | 1.17 (0.89 to 1.54) | 0.26 |
| Colon cancer | 25 (2.5) | 21 (2.1) | 1.18 (0.65 to 2.12) | 0.59 |
| Respiratory cancer | 17 (1.7) | 13 (1.3) | 1.29 (0.62 to 2.68) | 0.49 |
| Self reported falls‡ | (n=757) | (n=756) | ||
| 154 (20.3) | 169 (22.4) | 0.87 (0.68 to 1.12) | 0.27 | |
| Self reported health‡: | (n=749) | (n=750) | ||
| Excellent or good | 577 (77.0) | 582 (77.6) | 1.00 (0.78 to 1.28) | 0.99 |
| Women | (n=326) | (n=323) | ||
| Cardiovascular disease† | 85 (26.1) | 91 (28.2) | 0.89 (0.63 to 1.27) | 0.52 |
| Ischaemic heart disease | 33 (10.1) | 40 (12.4) | 0.79 (0.48 to 1.29) | 0.35 |
| Cerebrovascular disease | 19 (5.8) | 16 (5.0) | 1.19 (0.60 to 2.37) | 0.62 |
| Cancer† (any) | 25 (7.2) | 26 (8.0) | 0.95 (0.54 to 1.68) | 0.85 |
| Cancer† (excluding skin) | 15 (4.6) | 19 (5.9) | 0.77 (0.39 to 1.55) | 0.47 |
| Colon cancer | 3 (0.9) | 6 (1.9) | 0.49 (0.12 to 1.98) | 0.32 |
| Respiratory cancer | 0 | 2 (0.6) | NA | 0.16 |
| Breast cancer | 4 (1.2) | 4 (1.2) | 0.99 (0.25 to 3.99) | 0.99 |
| Self reported falls‡ | (n=270) | (n=255) | ||
| 100 (37.0) | 92 (36.1) | 1.03 (0.72 to 1.48) | 0.86 | |
| Self reported health‡: | (n=268) | (n=252) | ||
| Excellent or good | 211 (78.7) | 178 (70.6) | 1.57 (1.05 to 2.35) | 0.03 |
NA=not applicable.
*
P value refers to difference between treatment groups.
†
Self reported incidence or when indicated as cause of death anywhere on death certificate from mortality certification; ICD coding as in table 3.
‡
Data collected at end of trial; excludes missing data. Self reported falls are a positive response to the question, “Have you had any falls in the past 12 months?”