Skip to main content
PMC home page
American Journal of Public Health logoLink to American Journal of Public Health
. 1998 Jun;88(6):913–917. doi: 10.2105/ajph.88.6.913

Coronary heart disease risk factors and attributable risks in African-American women and men: NHANES I epidemiologic follow-up study.

R F Gillum 1, M E Mussolino 1, J H Madans 1
PMCID: PMC1508240  PMID: 9618619

Abstract

OBJECTIVES: This study assessed associations of risk factors with coronary heart disease incidence in African Americans. METHODS: The participants in the NHANES I Epidemiologic Follow-Up Study included in this analysis were 1641 Black and 9660 White persons who were aged 25 to 74 years when examined and who did not have a history of coronary heart disease. Average follow-up for survivors was 19 years. RESULTS: Significant, independent risk factors for coronary heart disease were age, systolic blood pressure, and smoking in Black women and age, systolic blood pressure, serum cholesterol, low education, and low family income in Black men. In this cohort, 19% of incident coronary heart disease in Black women and 34% in Black men might be prevented if systolic blood pressure were below 140 mm Hg. In Black men, attributable risk for low education (46%) was even higher than that for elevated blood pressure. CONCLUSIONS: Elevated systolic blood pressure and smoking were predictive of coronary heart disease incidence in African Americans. Estimates of population attributable risk were highest for elevated systolic blood pressure in women and education less than high school in men. Further studies of serum lipids, education, and coronary heart disease in Black women are needed.

Full text

PDF

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Cooper R. S., Ford E. Comparability of risk factors for coronary heart disease among blacks and whites in the NHANES-I Epidemiologic Follow-up Study. Ann Epidemiol. 1992 Sep;2(5):637–645. doi: 10.1016/1047-2797(92)90008-e. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Garfinkel L. Cigarette smoking and coronary heart disease in blacks: comparison to whites in a prospective study. Am Heart J. 1984 Sep;108(3 Pt 2):802–807. doi: 10.1016/0002-8703(84)90675-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Gillum R. F. Coronary heart disease in black populations. I. Mortality and morbidity. Am Heart J. 1982 Oct;104(4 Pt 1):839–851. doi: 10.1016/0002-8703(82)90021-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Gillum R. F., Grant C. T. Coronary heart disease in black populations. II. Risk factors. Am Heart J. 1982 Oct;104(4 Pt 1):852–864. doi: 10.1016/0002-8703(82)90022-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Keil J. E., Sutherland S. E., Hames C. G., Lackland D. T., Gazes P. C., Knapp R. G., Tyroler H. A. Coronary disease mortality and risk factors in black and white men. Results from the combined Charleston, SC, and Evans County, Georgia, heart studies. Arch Intern Med. 1995 Jul 24;155(14):1521–1527. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Keil J. E., Sutherland S. E., Knapp R. G., Lackland D. T., Gazes P. C., Tyroler H. A. Mortality rates and risk factors for coronary disease in black as compared with white men and women. N Engl J Med. 1993 Jul 8;329(2):73–78. doi: 10.1056/NEJM199307083290201. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Machlin S. R., Kleinman J. C., Madans J. H. Validity of mortality analysis based on retrospective smoking information. Stat Med. 1989 Aug;8(8):997–1009. doi: 10.1002/sim.4780080810. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Madans J. H., Cox C. S., Kleinman J. C., Makuc D., Feldman J. J., Finucane F. F., Barbano H. E., Cornoni-Huntley J. 10 years after NHANES I: mortality experience at initial followup, 1982-84. Public Health Rep. 1986 Sep-Oct;101(5):474–481. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Madans J. H., Kleinman J. C., Cox C. S., Barbano H. E., Feldman J. J., Cohen B., Finucane F. F., Cornoni-Huntley J. 10 years after NHANES I: report of initial followup, 1982-84. Public Health Rep. 1986 Sep-Oct;101(5):465–473. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Madans J. H., Reuben C. A., Rothwell S. T., Eberhardt M. S. Differences in morbidity measures and risk factor identification using multiple data sources: the case of coronary heart disease. 1995 Mar 15-Apr 15Stat Med. 14(5-7):643–653. doi: 10.1002/sim.4780140521. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. McLaughlin J. K., Dietz M. S., Mehl E. S., Blot W. J. Reliability of surrogate information on cigarette smoking by type of informant. Am J Epidemiol. 1987 Jul;126(1):144–146. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a114647. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Neaton J. D., Kuller L. H., Wentworth D., Borhani N. O. Total and cardiovascular mortality in relation to cigarette smoking, serum cholesterol concentration, and diastolic blood pressure among black and white males followed up for five years. Am Heart J. 1984 Sep;108(3 Pt 2):759–769. doi: 10.1016/0002-8703(84)90669-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Smith G. D., Wentworth D., Neaton J. D., Stamler R., Stamler J. Socioeconomic differentials in mortality risk among men screened for the Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial: II. Black men. Am J Public Health. 1996 Apr;86(4):497–504. doi: 10.2105/ajph.86.4.497. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Tyroler H. A., Heyen S., Bartel A., Cassel J., Cornoni J. C., Hames C. G., Kleinbaum D. Blood pressure and cholesterol as coronary heart disease risk factors. Arch Intern Med. 1971 Dec;128(6):907–914. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Tyroler H. A., Knowles M. G., Wing S. B., Logue E. E., Davis C. E., Heiss G., Heyden S., Hames C. G. Ischemic heart disease risk factors and twenty-year mortality in middle-age Evans County black males. Am Heart J. 1984 Sep;108(3 Pt 2):738–746. doi: 10.1016/0002-8703(84)90667-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from American Journal of Public Health are provided here courtesy of American Public Health Association

RESOURCES