TABLE 6.

Odds ratios by exposure to sources of vapors in relation to respiratory symptoms: The Singapore Chinese Health Study

	No Symptoms	Non-Chronic Cough or Phlegm			Chronic Phlegm			Chronic Dry Cough			Chronic Bronchitis			Adult-Onset Asthma
	n	n	OR*	95% CI	n	OR*	95% CI	n	OR*	95% CI	n	OR*	95% CI	n	OR*	95% CI
Chemical Solvents	42093	2384	1.0		1333	1.0		321	1.0		382	1.0		1298	1.0
	3011	268	1.20‡	1.05, 1.37	142	1.08	0.90, 1.29	43	1.63	1.17, 2.27	35	1.02	0.71, 1.45	128	1.44	1.19, 1.74
Dyes	44827	2626	1.0		1459	1.0		359			416			1413	1.0
	277	26	1.46	0.97, 2.20	16	1.57	0.94, 2.61	5	†		1	†		13	1.61	0.92, 2.82
Cooling Oils	42532	2403	1.0		1336	1.0		326	1.0		387	1.0		1331	1.0
	2572	249	1.12	0.97, 1.30	139	1.07	0.89, 1.29	38	1.46	1.02, 2.08	30	0.81	0.55, 1.19	95	1.15	0.92, 1.43
Paints
	43163	2459	1.0		1385	1.0		336	1.0		386	1.0		1352	1.0
	1941	193	1.16	0.99, 1.36	90	0.88	0.71, 1.10	28	1.34	0.90, 2.00	31	1.12	0.76, 1.63	74	1.19	0.93, 1.52
Wood Preservatives	44724	2621	1.0		1452	1.0		357			412			1410	1.0
	380	31	0.97	0.67, 1.41	23	1.24	0.81, 1.90	7	†		5	†		16	1.30	0.78, 2.15
Pesticides	44647	2622	1.0		1461	1.0		358			412			1400	1.0
	457	30	0.98	0.67, 1.42	14	0.78	0.46, 1.34	6	†		5	†		26	1.69	1.13, 2.52

Definition of abbreviations: CI = confidence interval; OR = odd ratio.

^*Models are adjusted for age, gender, dialect, smoking status (never, former, current), age at starting to smoke (≥ 20, 15–19, ≤ 14 years), and cigarettes per day (≤ 12, 13–22, ≥ 23).

^†OR was not calculated

^‡Odds ratio relative to the reference category equal to OR 1.0 for unexposed individuals