Levels of TNF-α in serum (a), kidney (b), and urine (c). GM(–) is a structural analogue of GM6001 that does not inhibit TACE. All levels were measured 72 hours after injection. ND, not detectable. *P < 0.01 vs. saline, +P < 0.01 vs. cisplatin. (a) n = 4–15; (b) n = 2–9; (c) n = 7–15. GM6001(–), GM(–); cis, cisplatin; pentoxi, pentoxifylline.