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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2006 Jul 24.
Published in final edited form as: Addict Behav. 2006 Feb;31(2):223–231. doi: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2005.04.023

Table 2.

Sex Differences in the Association of PTSD Symptoms and Nicotine Dependence

Male Correlation Female Correlation Signif. of Difference
Total PTSD symptoms .36*** −.02 p = .024
PTSD Arousal symptoms .33** .03 p = .075
PTSD Avoidance symptoms .34** −.01 p = .038
PTSD Intrusion symptoms .22* −.06 p = .107

Note. PTSD symptoms were measured with the Post-traumatic Diagnostic Scale. Nicotine dependence was measured with the Fagerstrom Test of Nicotine Dependence.

*

p < .05,

**

p < .01,

***

p < .001