Skip to main content
. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2006 Jul 24.
Published in final edited form as: Addict Behav. 2006 Feb;31(2):223–231. doi: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2005.04.023

Table 4.

Sex Differences in the Partial Correlation of PTSD and Nicotine Dependence Controlling for History of Major Depression

Total PTSD symptoms Arousal symptoms Avoidance symptoms Intrusion symptoms
Nicotine Dependence
Males .33** .31** .31** .21*
Females −.02 .01 −.01 −.06
Significance of Difference p = .047 p = .088 p = .069 p = .134

Note. PTSD symptoms were measured with the Post-traumatic Diagnostic Scale. Nicotine dependence was measured with the Fagerstrom Test of Nicotine Dependence. Past major depressive episodes were assessed using the SCID.

*

p < .05,

**

p < .01