Skip to main content
. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2006 Jul 24.
Published in final edited form as: J Neurosurg Anesthesiol. 2006 Jan;18(1):57–63. doi: 10.1097/01.ana.0000191280.05170.0f

Table 6.

Common Causes of Hypernatremia

Decreased ECF Volume

  • Poor thirst/reduced water intake

  • Intrarenal water loss

    • – diabetes insipidus

      • central

      • nephrogenic

    • – osmotic diuresis

    • – diuretics

  • Extrarenal water loss

    • - from respiratory tract

    • - from gastrointestinal tract

    • - fever

Increased ECF Volume

  • Iatrogenic – administration of sodium containing fluids

  • Mineralocorticoid excess

    • - primary hyperaldosteronism

    • - Cushing’s syndrome

    • - exogenous