Children are grouped as having either hereditary spherocytosis (HS), or children without HS (Non-HS), including diagnoses of pyruvate kinase deficiency, non-specified hemolytic anemia, or a hemoglobinopathy (HgbSS, HgbSC, HgbCC, combined HgbS-beta thalassemia). One child with HS was lost to long-term follow up. Definitions: RBC transfusion = need for one or more transfusion, sequestration crisis = need for hospitalization for aplastic or sequestration crisis, abdominal pain = complaint of abdominal pain from hypersplenism, jaundice = bilirubin level greater than 2.0 mg/dl, cholelithiasis = sonographic evidence of gallstones.