Growth of the wild-type L. monocytogenes strain LO28 and its ctc mutant in IMM with or without 3.5% NaCl and with or without 1 mM glycine betaine or carnitine. □, strain LO28 grown in IMM; ▪, ctc mutant grown in IMM; ○, strain LO28 grown in IMM with NaCl; •, ctc mutant grown in IMM with NaCl; ▵, strain LO28 grown in IMM with NaCl and glycine betaine; ▴, ctc mutant grown in IMM with NaCl and glycine betaine; ⋄, strain LO28 grown in IMM with NaCl and carnitine; ♦, ctc mutant grown in IMM with NaCl and carnitine.