Figure 9.

Excess mnm causes overproliferation and melanotic mass formation. (A) w¹¹¹⁸; en:Gal4/UAS:mnm pharate adult raised at 18°, ventral side up. Legs have been removed. Arrow marks the melanotic mass in the ventral epidermis. (B, C, E, F, H, and I) en:Gal4/UAS:GFP, UAS:mnm wing discs obtained from third instar larvae raised at 25°. Arrows mark mnm-overexpressing cells in the posterior compartment, black and white dotted lines mark the A–P boundaries; anterior is right. (B and C) Caspase3 (white in B, red in C) and BrdU (white in E, red in F) staining are increased, while phosphorylated Histone H3 (pH3, white in H, red in I) is unaffected in the en∷mnm posterior compartments. (D) en:Gal4 control and (E) en∷mnm adult wings of flies raised at 18°. Black lines mark the A–P boundaries. Note that patterning is unaffected in en∷mnm wings but the size of the posterior compartment is reduced compared to the control wing.