Table 1.
Systemic lupus erythematosus patient characteristics and disease parameters
| Total SLE patients | 192 |
| Sex (female/male) | 178/14 |
| Age (mean ± sd) | 47.24 ± 14.63 |
| Age at diagnosis (mean ± sd) | 33.88 ± 14.53 |
| Disease duration (mean ± sd) | 13.16 ± 7.83 |
| Clinical manifestations, n (%) | |
| Malar rash | 102 (53.1) |
| Discoid lesions | 38 (19.8) |
| Subacute cutaneous lesions | 33 (17.2) |
| Photosensitivity | 99 (51.6) |
| Oral ulcers | 63 (32.8) |
| Arthritis | 139 (72.4) |
| Serositis | 48 (25.0) |
| Renal disorder | 56 (29.2) |
| Neurological disorder | 15 (7.8) |
| Hematological disorder | 111 (57.8) |
| Treatment, n (%) | |
| None/NSAIDS | 23 (12.0) |
| Antimalarials | 114 (59.4) |
| Corticosteroids | 126 (65.6) |
| Immunosuppressive drugsa | 41 (21.4) |
aMethotrexate, azathioprine, cyclophosphamide, cyclosporine A or mycophenolate mophetil. NSAIDS, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs; SD, standard deviation; SLE, systemic lupus erythematosus.