Binding of H. pylori strains to gastric mucosa in situ (histological sections) of diverse pathological conditions. The strains tested were NCTC 11637 (left column) and its galE and rfbM knockout mutants (middle and right columns, respectively). Upper row, healthy tissue, with no binding of parent and knockout strains. Second row, metaplastic tissue; the parent strain binds well, while LPS mutants show strongly decreased binding. Third row, hyperplastic tissue; LPS structure has almost no effect on binding. Lower row, noninflamed gastric tissue of a nonsecretor patient, with strongly decreased binding of the rfbM mutant.