Table 1.

Ten most significant enriched biological categories associated with genes induced by R5 and X4 gp120s

Category	P value	No. of genes
R5-induced genes (cluster 1) (1–16 h)
Nucleic acid metabolism	7.79 e−8	146
Protein serine/threonine kinase	1.45 e−7	35
Response DNA damage	3.89 e−7	23
Transcription	8.43 e−7	65
IgG binding	1.57 e−5	5
cAMP-dependent kinase	4.64 e−5	18
Cell proliferation	9.44 e−5	58
Caspase activity	6.75 e−4	5
Protein tyrosine kinase	1.31 e−3	20
GTPase regulator	2.01 e−3	17
X4-induced genes (cluster 2) (1–16 h)
Protein kinase	2.54 e−7	168
Cell proliferation	3.16 e−6	52
Heavy metal bind	1.02 e−5	5
Cytoskeleton organization	4.42 e−5	39
Intracellular signal	2.48 e−4	42
GTPase regulator	9.71 e−4	15
Hydrolase activity	2.77 e−3	65
Actin filament processing	5.54 e−3	9
Protein tyrosine kinase	6.77 e−3	15
Pyrophosphatase activity	7.2 e−3	22
Genes induced by R5 and X4 gp120s (clusters 4 and 5) (early stage, 1–5 h)
Cell cycle	1.10 e−7	49
Peptide binding	5.5 e−6	14
Intracellular signaling	5.9 e−4	34
Transcription activity	9.72 e−5	40
Receptor binding	6.21 e−4	23
Apoptosis	1.11 e−3	20
Cell–cell signaling	1.4 e−3	22
Cytokine	1.98 e−3	7
Chemokine	2.01 e−3	5
Response chemical stimuli	1.3 e−2	11
Genes induced by R5 and X4 gp120s (clusters 4 and 5) (late stage, 16 h)
Chemokine ligand	6.19 e−9	11
Cell–cell signaling	3.91 e−8	31
Cytokine activity	6.11 e−6	16
Organogenesis (hemopoietic or lymphoid)	1.31 e−5	58
Response to external stimuli	1.33 e−5	47
Response to chemical stimuli	9.97 e−5	16
Cell cycle	3.14 e−4	38
Intracellular signaling cascade	5.86 e−3	30
Wound healing	8.2 e−3	7
Transcription	1.4 e−2	31

Category enrichment was determined using the david bioinformatics tool.