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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2007 Apr 1.
Published in final edited form as: Cryobiology. 2006 Feb 17;52(2):269–283. doi: 10.1016/j.cryobiol.2005.12.005

Table 1.

Coefficients of best-fit polynomial approximation of thermal strain for various materials, approximated as ɛ = a4T4 +a3T3 +a2T2 +a1T, where R2 is the coefficient of determination. The zero-order term of thermal strain is omitted, since it represents a shift in strain, and is the only term dependent on the initial condition of the experiment. Furthermore, this term is typically not taken into account in solid mechanics analyses. Following Eq. (2), the thermal expansion coefficient is: β = 4a4T3 +3a3T2 +2a2T +a1

a1×105 a2×108 a3×1011 a4×1013 R2 Reference
Water 5.630 12.64 - - 1.0000 [8]
Copper 1.658 1.344 7.340 3.923 0.9995 [1]
Rabbit Muscle 6.224 13.72 −1.213 - 0.9999 [10]
Chicken Muscle 6.649 17.19 9.283 - 0.9994 [10]
Beef Muscle 7.225 19.17 7.800 - 0.9988 [10]
Goat Arteries 6.376 14.58 - - 0.9999 Current study