Figure 7.

Effect of liposomal nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD⁺) on O₂ consumption by Caco-2 cells growing on microcarrier beads. Control cells growing on microcarrier beads in six-well dishes were incubated for 24 hours under cytokine-free conditions alone (Control), with empty liposomes (Lipo), or with NAD⁺-containing liposomes (LipoNAD). Cytokine-stimulated cells were incubated for 24 hours with cytomix alone or with free NAD⁺ (NAD), with empty liposomes (Lipo), or with NAD⁺-containing liposomes (LipoNAD). Results are means ± SEM (n = 6–8 per condition). Data were analyzed by analysis of variance followed by Duncan's multiple range test. NS, not significant. Reprinted from [61] with permission.