Table 2.
Univariate analyses of composite variables constructed for each major route of transmission
| EXPOSURE | Cases | Controls | Univariate | 95% CI | P-value |
| N (%) | N (%) | OR | |||
| Drinking water | |||||
| Level of riska | |||||
| Boil water | 2 (7.7) | 4 (6.5) | 1.00 | ||
| Filter or bottle water | 10 (38.5) | 27 (43.6) | 0.74 | 0.11, 5.02 | 0.754 |
| Tap, no further treatment | 14 (53.9) | 31 (50.0) | 0.92 | 0.16, 5.30 | 0.929 |
| Recreational water | |||||
| Swimming, hot tub/spring | 8 (30.8) | 18 (29.0) | 1.02 | 0.28, 3.75 | 0.973 |
| Food sourcesb | |||||
| Unsafe foods consumed | 22 (84.6) | 59 (95.2) | 0.38 | 0.08, 1.79 | 0.223 |
| Handle raw foods | 5 (19.2) | 28 (45.2) | 0.23 | 0.06, 0.85 | 0.028 |
| All combined | 22 (84.6) | 60 (96.8) | 0.25 | 0.44, 1.44 | 0.121 |
| Travel | |||||
| >100 miles from homec | 17 (65.4) | 18 (29.0) | 4.44 | 1.53, 12.8 | 0.006 |
| To another country | 13 (50.0) | 3 (4.84) | 25.7 | 3.28, 201 | 0.002 |
| Person-to-person (fecal) | |||||
| Day care/camp contact | 6 (23.1) | 19 (30.7) | 0.76 | 0.27, 2.14 | 0.604 |
| Contact with diapers | 12 (46.2) | 31 (50.0) | 1.03 | 0.38, 2.78 | 0.959 |
| Contact with people with diarrhea | 6 (23.1) | 13 (21.0) | 1.07 | 0.28, 4.09 | 0.927 |
| All combined | 15 (57.7) | 39 (62.9) | 0.76 | 0.28, 2.09 | 0.599 |
| Animal contact | 14 (53.9) | 45 (72.6) | 0.48 | 0.16,1.45 | 0.194 |
| Sexual activityd | 9(52.9) | 20 (45.5) | 1.59 | 0.44, 5.74 | 0.476 |
aTests for trend: linear P-value = 0.674; non-parametric extension of Wilcoxon rank sum P-value = 0.660. bUnpasteurized food consumption could not be analyzed because of insufficient data. cThis includes the subset who traveled to another country. dAny sexual relations in 2-week risk period or >1 sexual partner in last 6 months (asked of all adults over 18 years of age)