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Proposed pathways for anaerobic fermentation in B. subtilis (modified from ref. 11). Enzymes with known coding genes include pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), pyruvate decarboxylase (PDC), alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH), acetolactate synthase (ALSS), acetolactate decarboxylase (ALSD), and acetoin reductase (AR).
