RNA degradation assay by Northern blot analysis. Vero cells were mock infected or infected with SB5, 333-vhsB, 333d41, or 333-vhsBR in the presence of actinomycin D (10 μg/ml), and cytoplasmic RNA was extracted. (A) Two independent experiments showing the average percent GAPDH RNA remaining relative to that in 28S rRNA-normalized, mock-infected cells. (B) Autoradiographic images show a representative Northern blot probed for GAPDH (top), and the same blot stripped and reprobed for the 28S ribosomal unit (bottom).