TABLE 2.

Results in cases of imported leishmaniasis

Case no.	History	Result(s)a by:				Melting point (°C) by FRET-PCR (groupb)
		Serology	Microscopy-histology	Parasite culture	PCR sequencingc
1	Acute case; unknown travel route	IIFA −	BM+	BM+	BM+	BM, 71.3 (C)
		EIA −		PB−	PB+	PB, 71.8 (C)
		CFA −			L. donovani
2	Trip to Morocco; HIV positive	IIFA, 1:320	BM+	BM+	BM+	BM, 71.3 (C)
		EIA, 23		BM−	PB+	PB, 71.6 (C)
		CFA, i			L. donovani
3	Trips to Saudi Arabia and Turkey; nodule on hand	IIFA −	SB+	SB−	SB+	SB, 71.9 (C)
		EIA −			L. donovani
		CFA −
4	Trip to Spain; 5-week history of fever; splenectomized patient	IIFA, 1:320	ND	BM−	BM+	BM, 72.2 (C)
		EIA, 28			L. donovani
		CFA, 1:512
5	Trip to Italy; ascites, fever, elevated liver enzymes; immunosuppressive therapy	IIFA −	BM−	BM+	BM+	BM, 71.8 (C)
		EIA −	LB−	LB+	LB+	LB, 71.7 (C)
		CFA, i			L. donovani
6	Trip to Costa Rica; ulcer on arm	IIFA −	SB+	SB+	SB+	SB, 66.9 (B)
		EIA, 10			L. brasiliensis panamensis
		CFA −
7	Trip to Guatemala; solid pretibial skin ulcer	IIFA, 1:20	ND	SB−	SB+	SB, 67.6 (B)
		EIA −			L. brasiliensis panamensis
		CFA −
8	Trip to Niger; skin ulcer and enlarged lymph node on neck	IIFA, 1:20	SB+	SB−	SB+	SB, 65.5 (A)
		EIA, 25			L. major
		CFA, 1:4
9	Trip to Southeast Asia; nodules and erythema on nose	ND	ND	SB−	SB+	SB, 65.3 (A)
					L. tropica

^aIIFA, indirect immunofluorescent assay (titers of ≥1:80 are considered positive); EIA, enzyme immunoassay (a numerical result of ≥30 antibody units is considered positive); CFA, complement fixation assay (titers of ≥1:16 are considered positive). BM, bone marrow aspirate; PB, peripheral blood sample; SB, skin biopsy specimen; LB, liver biopsy specimen. ND, not done; i, inhibited.

^bC, L. donovani complex; B, L. brasiliensis complex; A, other strains.

^cSee reference 28.