Motility phenotypes of wild-type (WT), grlR, grlA, and grlR grlA strains of EHEC (A) and the wild-type strain with pGEM-self (control vector), pGEMGR (carrying grlR), or pGEMGA (carrying grlA) plasmid (B). (C) Cells grown in 1% Bacto-Trypton broth containing 0.5% NaCl were stained with Victoria blue as described in Materials and Methods. The following strains were used: WT, SKI-5142; grlR, SKI-5152; grlA, SKI-5153; and grlR grlA, SKI-5154 (A and/or C) and pGEM-self, SKI-5142 with pGEM-self; grlR+, SKI-5142 with pGEMGR; and grlA+, SKI-5142 with pGEMGA (B).