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In vitro synthesis of PIA. Crude membranes of S. epidermidis 1457 and biofilm-negative transposon mutant 1457-M11 were prepared from cells grown in TA SC to the stationary phase of growth. The in vitro assay was performed by incubating the collected membranes with UDP-N-acetylglucosamine as described previously (17). The control reaction mixtures did not contain UDP-N-acetylglucosamine. Xylose-inducible S. carnosus pTXicaADBC was used as a positive control.
