FIG. 1.

C. albicans hog1 mutants are sensitive to oxidative stress. (A) C. albicans cells were exposed to 100 mM hydrogen peroxide, 40 mM MD, and 2 mM KO₂ in liquid YPD medium. Samples were taken at different times, diluted, and spotted onto YPD plates (10⁵ cells in 10 μl). (B) A total of 100 to 200 C. albicans cells were plated on YPD plates and irradiated at 254 nm at different times by using a UV source. Plates were incubated at 37°C, and the percent survival was calculated by CFU counting after 24 h. The results are the means of three experiments. The standard error was always less than 10%. Strains used were as follows: Wt, HOG1/HOG1; H/h, HOG1/hog1; h/h, hog1/hog1; and h/h + H, HOG1 reintegrated in a hog1/hog1 strain (Table 1).