Complementation of the E. coli ΔtatAΔtatE, pcnB strain, JARV16-P, with tatA genes from other bacteria. Strain JARV16-P was transformed with either: E. coli tatA encoded on pFAT415 (EcoA), P. syringae tatA on plasmid pUniprom-PA (PsyA), S. coelicolor tatA from plasmid pUniprom-SA (ScoA), or the L40F derivative (ScoA L40F), A. aeolicus tatA1 (AaeA1), tatA2 (Aae2) or tatA12 (Aae12) from pQEAQ1, pQEAQ2 and pQEAQ12, respectively, or pBluescript (empty vector; marked as Δ in panel C). A. Growth of strains on LB medium containing 2% SDS. B. Growth of strains anaerobically on minimal glycerol TMAO medium. C. TMAO reductase activities from periplasmic fractions. *100% activity is taken as that determined from the periplasmic fraction of JARV16-P carrying pFAT415 and corresponds to 1.3μmol benzyl viologen oxidised/min/mg protein. Error bars represent the standard error of the mean (n = 3).