Table 2.
Number of Outpatient Mental Health Services per Year by Predictor Variables
| Variables | N (%) | Mean number of services (SD)a | p value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Number of placement changes | <.0001** | ||
| 0 | 28 (4.9) | 2.07 (4.14) | |
| 1–2 | 306 (53.6) | 3.27 (6.53) | |
| 3–5 | 173 (30.4) | 4.89 (6.71) | |
| ≥6 | 63 (11.1) | 8.15 (8.87) | |
| Behavior-related placement change | <.0001** | ||
| Yes | 144 (25.3) | 6.96 (8.44) | |
| No | 426 (74.7) | 3.32 (6.12) | |
| Gender | .12 | ||
| Male | 260 (45.6) | 4.65 (7.18) | |
| Female | 310 (54.4) | 3.90 (6.75) | |
| Race/ethnicity | .011* | ||
| White | 258 (45.3) | 5.01 (7.41) | |
| Hispanic | 116 (20.4) | 2.40 (5.24) | |
| African American | 162 (28.4) | 4.61 (7.06) | |
| Other | 34 (6.0) | 2.89 (7.02) | |
| Age at entry | <.0001** | ||
| 2–5 | 225 (39.5) | 2.37 (5.00) | |
| 6–8 | 146 (25.6) | 4.72 (6.91) | |
| 9–12 | 118 (20.7) | 6.29 (8.52) | |
| 13–16 | 81 (14.2) | 5.60 (7.95) | |
| Sexual abuse | .67 | ||
| Yes | 88 (15.4) | 4.47 (6.83) | |
| No | 482 (84.6) | 4.20 (7.64) | |
| Physical abuse | .40 | ||
| Yes | 149 (26.1) | 4.86 (7.48) | |
| No | 421 (73.9) | 4.02 (6.76) | |
| Neglect | .83 | ||
| Yes | 371 (65.1) | 4.22 (7.08) | |
| No | 199 (34.9) | 4.28 (6.73) | |
| Emotional abuse | .84 | ||
| Yes | 82 (14.4) | 4.61 (7.88) | |
| No | 488 (85.6) | 4.18 (6.80) | |
| Caretaker absence | .036* | ||
| Yes | 263 (46.1) | 3.47 (5.76) | |
| No | 307 (53.9) | 4.91 (7.78) | |
| Protective issues | .69 | ||
| Yes | 102 (17.9) | 4.24 (6.97) | |
| No | 468 (82.1) | 4.24 (6.96) | |
| Total behavior problems | <.0001** | ||
| Yes (≥60) | 287 (50.4) | 6.01 (8.11) | |
| No (<60) | 283 (49.6) | 2.44 (4.95) | |
| Previous out-of-home care | .023* | ||
| Yes | 164 (28.8) | 5.28 (8.13) | |
| No | 406 (71.2) | 3.82 (6.38) | |
| Stays in kinship care | <.0001** | ||
| Yes | 263 (46.1) | 2.85 (5.66) | |
| No | 307 (53.9) | 5.43 (7.71) |
a
Annualized to account for varying lengths of stay in out-of-home care among cohort.
*
p < .05.
**
p < .01.