Table 1.
Characteristics of the study population by PAH exposure level (n = 183).a
| Prenatal PAH exposure level |
||
|---|---|---|
| Characteristic | High exposureb (n = 42) | Low exposureb (n = 141) |
| Maternal characteristics | ||
| Ethnicity (%) | ||
| African American | 40.5 | 47.5 |
| Latino | 59.5 | 52.5 |
| Age (years) | 25.03 ± 4.79 | 24.80 ± 5.53 |
| Married (%) | 11.9 | 15.1 |
| No high school degree (%) | 47.6 | 31.9 |
| Maternal intelligence quotient | 84.37 ± 10.27 | 86.27 ± 13.45 |
| Caretaking home environment | 37.55 ± 5.58* | 39.82 ± 5.82* |
| Infant characteristics | ||
| Birth weight (g) | 3,357.44 ± 529.69 | 3,413.16 ± 462.47 |
| Birth length (cm) | 50.73 ± 2.72 | 50.79 ± 3.85 |
| Birth head circumference (cm) | 34.01 ± 1.69 | 34.34 ± 1.95 |
| Gestational age (week) | 39.17 ± 1.25 | 39.40 ± 1.38 |
| Percent male | 47.6 | 45.4 |
| Prenatal exposure | ||
| ETS [at least one smoker in house (%)] | 38.1 | 39.7 |
| CPF (pg/g) | 5.94 ± 11.44 | 3.56 ± 4.45 |
| Cord lead (μg/dL)c | 1.01 ± 0.69 | 1.08 ± 0.79 |
Values are mean ± SD or percent.
a
Includes subjects with MDI and/or PDI (n = 183).
b
High exposure was defined as the fourth quartile of PAH; low exposure was defined as all others (quartiles 1, 2, 3). There was no difference between the two exposure groups with respect to any of the characteristics, except for the home environment.
c
Cord lead was available in a subset of 135.
*
p < 0.05, by Wilcoxon rank-sum test.