Figure 3. .

Contour plot of the fit between simulated and empirical data (R²) for the size of the initial founding population K₀ and the growth rate within demes (r). Lighter areas represent better fits between simulations and actual data. The black area represents unrealistic regions of the parameter space, corresponding to a colonization of the world achieved in <1,500 generations. The red line delineates the 95% CI. The best fit between simulations and empirical data (R²>0.72) is obtained for high values of r (∼0.7–1.0) and a founding population, K₀, of 800–1,200 individuals.