Proliferation of hPCNA DT40 and hPCNA mutants. (A) Growth of pcna:hPCNA cells and mutants compared with wild-type (WT) DT40. (B) Normal recruitment of hPCNA, and the K164R and K138R mutant PCNAs to replication foci. In each case, more than 95% of PCNA foci colocalized with BrdU foci. (C) DNA damage sensitivity of WT DT40 (black) compared with pcna:hPCNA DT40 (red). BrdU, 5-bromodeoxyuridine; hPCNA, human PCNA; MMS, methylmethane sulphonate; PCNA, proliferating-cell nuclear antigen.