Table 2.
Amino acids content (%) of CSM fermented or non-fermented by C. tropicalis ZD-3 and A. niger ZD-8 (based on DM)
Nutrition composition | Substrate (control, C) | C. tropicalis ZD-3 (T1) | (T1−C)/C×100% | A. niger ZD-8 (T2) | (T2−C)/C×100% |
DM | 89.87 | 88.63 | − | 88.15 | − |
Asp | 2.35a | 2.35a | 0 | 2.47a | 5.28 |
Thr* | 0.82b | 0.95a | 15.56 | 1.02a | 24.31 |
Ser | 1.05b | 1.16a | 10.32 | 1.22a | 15.85 |
Glu | 5.29a | 5.58a | 5.46 | 5.38a | 1.74 |
Gly | 1.04b | 1.15a | 10.40 | 1.24a | 18.63 |
Ala | 1.11b | 1.27b | 13.88 | 1.51a | 35.68 |
Cys* | 0.50a | 0.52a | 4.05 | 0.58a | 16.78 |
Val* | 1.03b | 1.17a | 13.54 | 1.28a | 24.12 |
Met* | 0.22c | 0.30b | 33.11 | 0.35a | 57.36 |
Ile* | 0.76c | 0.89b | 17.15 | 1.06a | 40.43 |
Leu* | 1.61c | 1.82b | 13.10 | 2.01a | 24.80 |
Tyr | 0.66b | 0.73a | 10.61 | 0.82a | 24.20 |
Phe* | 1.20b | 1.40a | 16.24 | 1.34a | 10.91 |
Lys* | 1.04b | 1.16a | 11.20 | 1.10ab | 5.57 |
His* | 0.60a | 0.62a | 3.25 | 0.64a | 6.25 |
Arg* | 2.65a | 2.42b | −8.46 | 2.37b | −10.35 |
Pro | 0.86b | 0.93a | 8.23 | 1.02a | 18.79 |
TAA | 22.80b | 24.41ab | 7.06 | 25.41a | 11.46 |
EAA | 10.44b | 11.25a | 7.77 | 11.76a | 12.64 |
Means in a row without common superscript differ significantly (P<0.05); DM: Dry matter; TAA: Total amino acids; EAA: Essential amino acids
The amino acid is an essential amino acid