Table 1.
Effect of isolation on islands on group size effects (GSE).
| independent variable state | dependent variable state | p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| all 32 populations | gained GSE | remained without GSE | |
| mainland | 8 | 3 | 0.016 |
| island | 2 | 9 | |
| kept GSE | lost GSE | ||
| mainland | 18 | 6 | 0.507 |
| island | 11 | 6 | |
| 23 populations only | gained GSE | remained without GSE | |
| mainland | 0 | 2 | >0.9 |
| island | 0 | 4 | |
| kept GSE | lost GSE | ||
| mainland | 14 | 3 | >0.9 |
| island | 17 | 5 | |
p-values from the contingent states test that evaluates the hypothesis that evolutionary change in the presence of group size effects is more or less likely when a population is in a particular independent variable state (i.e. found on the mainland or on an island).