Table 3.

Studies based on the direct application of siRNAs to induce RNAi in vivo: other strategies of siRNA administration.

siRNA formulation	Target tissue/organ	Administration	Target gene(s)	Target disease/aim of study	Reference
Chemically modified	Liver and jejunum	Intravenous	apoB	Reduction of apoB	[152]
				and total cholesterol
Chemically modified	Liver	Intravenous	HBV	Reduced serum HBV DNA	[153]
+ lipid incapsulation
Electropulsation	Muscle	Intramuscular	GFP	Downregulation of GFP	[154]
Histidine-lysine	Breast tumor	Intratumoral	Raf-1	Breast cancer	[155]
complex	xenograft
Atelocollagen	Subcutaneous prostate	Intratumoral	VEGF	Tumor growth inhibition	[156]
	carcinoma xenograft
Atelocollagen	Orthotopic germ cell	Intratumoral	HST-1/FGF-4	Tumor growth inhibition	[157]
	tumor xenograft in testes
Atelocollagen	Bone-metastatic	Intravenous	EZH2	Inhibition of metastatic	[158]
	prostate cancer			tumor growth
Inactivated HVJ	Subcutaneous HeLa	Intratumoral	Rad51	Enhancement of cisplatin	[159]
suspension	xenografts			anticancer effect
Protamin-antibody	Subcutaneous melanoma	Intravenous or	c-myc,	Tumor growth inhibition	[160]
fusion protein	xenografts	Intratumoral	MDM2, VEGF
PEI complexation	Subcutaneous ovarian	Intraperitoneal	HER-2	Tumor growth inhibition	[70]
	carcinoma xenografts
PEI complexation	Lung	Intravenous	Influenza	Influenza virus infections	[74]
			virus genes
Nanoplexes	Subcutaneous N2A neuroblastoma	Intravenous	VEGF R2	Tumor growth inhibition	[73]
(RGD-PEG-PEI)	xenografts
TransIT-TKO	Nose after viral infection	Intranasal	RSV-P, PIV-P	Respiratory viral diseases	[120]
(polyamine)
Polyamine	Myocard	Intraperitoneal	Heat shock factor 1	Abrogation of HSF-	[161]
				induced cardioprotection
Virosomes +	Peritoneal cavity	Intraperitoneal	GFP	GFP downregulation	[162]
cationic lipids