Table 1.

Studies estimating age-specific heritabilities in natural populations.

species	trait	number of age classes	age classes	method of estimating heritability	reference
Geospiza fortis	body mass, beak length, beak depth	2	8–9 days, 7–10 weeks	full-sib ANOVA	Price & Grant (1985)
Parus major	body mass	3	nestling, recaptured fledgling, adult	parent–offspring regression	van Noordwijk et al. (1988)
Parus major	body mass	15	1–15 days	full-sib ANOVA on cross-fostering design	Gebhardt-Henrich & van Noordwijk (1994)
Ficedula hypoleuca	tarsus length	2	fledgling, adult	parent–offspring regression	Potti & Merino (1994)
Sturnus vulgaris	body mass	4	1, 4, 7, 14 days	full-sib ANOVA on cross-fostering design	Smith & Wettermark (1995)
Parus caeruleus	body size	5	2, 5, 8, 11, 14 days	parent–offspring regression	Bjorklund (1997)
Ovis canadensis	body mass	6	Lamb, yearling, 2, 3, 4, 5–11 years	REML animal model	Réale et al. (1999)
Carpodacus mexicanus	bill length, bill depth, bill width, wing length, tarsus length, body mass	9	2, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 33, 50 days	parent–offspring regression	Badyaev & Martin (2000)
Parus caeruleus	tarsus length, body mass, wing length, body condition	7	4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 15 days	GLMM on cross-fostering design	Kunz & Ekman (2000)
Thamnophis sirtalis	testosterone level in males	3	195, 318, 437 days	analysis of covariance	King et al. (2004)