. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2006 Sep 5.

Published in final edited form as: Biochemistry. 2006 Apr 4;45(13):4210–4219. doi: 10.1021/bi052382x

Table 1.

Single Gene Knockout Mice Used in the Experiments Described in This Report

genotype	role of the gene	phenotype	ref^a
opsin−/−	photoreceptor of rod cells, G protein-coupled receptor	lack of ROS formation, lack of rod-mediated vision	49
Rpe65−/−	abundant RPE protein involved in the isomerization process of all-trans-retinyl esters to 11-cis-retinol (isomerase)	lack of 11-cis-retinal production and residual visual functions, accumulation of retinyl esters in large inclusion droplets	22
Rdh5−/−	cis-retinol dehydrogenase	delayed dark adaptation, accumulation of 13-cis- and 11-cis-retinyl esters	15
Lrat−/−	lecithin:retinol acyltransferase, a major enzyme involved in retinal esterification in many tissues	lack of 11-cis-retinal production and residual visual functions, lack of significant levels of retinyl esters in the eye and liver	29
Rdh11−/−	dual specificity (cis/trans) retinol dehydrogenase	delayed dark adaptation	11
Prrdh−/−	photoreceptor-specific all-trans-retinol dehydrogenase	delayed dark adaptation	30

Reference to original report on mouse genotype.