Table 2.

Independent risk factors for increased one-year mortality

	Hazard Ratio	95% Confidence Intervals	p Value
CE release >6 times the ULR	5.0	4.5 to 5.4	<0.001
Ejection fraction <30%	3.1	2.7 to 3.5	<0.001
Age at operation *	1.06	1.03 to 1.08	<0.001
Renal dysfunction	2.6	2.0 to 3.2	<0.001
Peripheral vascular disease	2.1	1.7 to 2.5	0.002
CE release 3 to 6 times the ULR	2.1	1.6 to 2.6	0.002
Prior cardiac surgery	2.9	2.2 to 3.7	0.006
Emergent procedure	2.8	2.0 to 3.6	0.007
Female sex	1.5	1.1 to 1.9	0.041

CE, Cardiac enzyme; ULR, Upper limit of reference range.

* per unit increase.