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Unfolding force in region II of a single P pilus versus elongation speed. The solid curve represents a fit of Eq. 4 to the data, whereas the dashed lines represent the low- and high-elongation-speed asymptotes, given by Eqs. 5 and 6, respectively. The intercept of the two asymptotes represents the corner frequency, 
, whereas the intercept of the high-elongation-speed asymptote with the x axis gives 
, which in turn provides a value for the thermal bond opening rate,
.
