Figure 3.
Transplanted SHED into immunocompromised mice. (A and B) After 8 weeks of transplantation, SHED were able to differentiate into odontoblasts (open arrows) that were responsible for the dentin-like structure (D) formation on the surfaces of HA (A). The same field is shown for human-specific alu in situ hybridization, indicating the human origin of odontoblasts (open arrows, B). The black dashed line represents interface between newly formed dentin (D) and HA/TCP (HA). (C) Immunohistochemical staining of anti-DSPP antibody shows a positive staining on the regenerated dentin (black arrows). (D) In contrast to DPSC transplants, newly generated bone (B) by host cells in the same SHED transplant shows no reactivity to the DSPP antibody. (E) Of 12 selected single-colony-derived SHED strains, only 3 (25%) were capable of generating dentin in vivo. Newly formed dentin (arrows) was found to be adjacent to the surfaces of HA/TCP carrier (HA) and associated with connective tissue (CT). (F) Human-specific alu in situ hybridization showed that human cells (open arrows) were associated with dentin formation (D) and were residing within the connective-tissue compartment (CT). (G) The remaining 75% (9 of 12) single-colony-derived SHED strains were unable to generate dentin in vivo. (H) In situ hybridization demonstrated that alu-positive human cells survived in the connective-tissue compartment (CT) in the transplants in which there was no odontogenesis. Human cells were also found to surround the blood vessels (arrows). (I) Seven of 12 (58.4%) single-colony-derived SHED lines induced a very limited amount of bone formation (B) on the surface of HA/TCP (HA). (J) Of 12 single-colony-derived SHED lines, 5 (41.6%) were able to induce a significant amount of bone formation (B) on the surfaces of HA/TCP (HA). (K) The alu in situ hybridization showed human cells (arrows) attached to the surfaces of HA/TCP (HA) at the initial site of bone formation (B). The black dashed lines represent the interface between newly formed bone (B) and HA/TCP (HA). (L) In situ hybridization studies showed the murine-specific pf1 DNA probe reacting with osteoblasts and osteocytes (arrows) associated with the new bone formation (B).