TUDCA reduces lesion size and apoptosis after ICH. TUDCA at 100 mg/kg of bw (black bars), 1 h before or at up to 6 h after the ICH markedly reduced lesion volumes (A), TUNEL-positive cells (B), and caspase activation (C) in the ICH hemisphere, compared with vehicle controls (white bars). Data are the mean ± SEM (n = 3–5 animals per group). *, P < 0.05 from vehicle.