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Sample characteristics
| Variable | Total sample |
| N | 464 |
| Gender | |
| Women (%) | 48 |
| Age | |
| Mean (sd) | 58.7 (12.4) |
| Range | 19 – 90 |
| Years since diagnosis | |
| Mean (sd) | 9.9 (8.0) |
| Range | 0.5 – 40 |
| Marital status | |
| Married (%) | 96 |
| Employment status | |
| Employed (%) | 46 |
| Treatment | |
| Insulin (%) | 41 |
| Tablet (%) | 40 |
| Diet only (%) | 19 |
| Diabetes complications | |
| Yes (%) | 43 |
| Illness apart from diabetes | |
| Yes (%) | 35 |
| HbA1 | |
| Mean (sd) | 7.0 (1.3) |
| Range | 5–13 |
| Religious affiliation | |
| Tenri (%) | 33 |
